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Updated: Aug 2, 2026

Cell-Free DNA Integrity Analysis in Urine Samples
Published on: January 5, 2017
Polyomavirus in the urine: follow-up study
H Minassian1, R Schinella, J C Reilly
1Department of Pathology, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, NJ 07740.
Abstract:
This study was undertaken to determine the significance of polyomavirus nuclear inclusions in urine cytology specimens. Thirty-two such cases were identified and patient follow-up was instituted. We have determined that there is no detectable urologic damage in such patients. In a minority of cases inclusions were found in subsequent urines but they ultimately disappeared within 3 mo. In a minority of the patients (35 percent) there was evidence of diseases associated with immunosuppression or administration of immunosuppressive drugs.
Insights
Polyomavirus nuclear inclusions in urine cytology are not associated with urologic damage. These inclusions may transiently appear in urine, particularly in immunosuppressed patients, but typically resolve within three months.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Cytopathology
- Virology
Background:
- Polyomavirus nuclear inclusions are observed in urine cytology.
- The clinical significance of these inclusions remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the significance of polyomavirus nuclear inclusions in urine cytology specimens.
- To assess potential urologic damage associated with these findings.
Main Methods:
- Identification of 32 cases with polyomavirus nuclear inclusions in urine cytology.
- Longitudinal patient follow-up and monitoring for urologic abnormalities.
- Assessment for evidence of immunosuppression or related conditions.
Main Results:
- No detectable urologic damage was found in patients with polyomavirus nuclear inclusions.
- Inclusions were transient in a minority of cases, disappearing within 3 months.
- 35% of patients showed evidence of diseases associated with immunosuppression.
Conclusions:
- Polyomavirus nuclear inclusions in urine cytology do not indicate significant urologic damage.
- The presence of inclusions may be transient and is more common in immunosuppressed individuals.

