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Cohesive discourse in pervasive developmental disorders

J Fine¹, G Bartolucci, P Szatmari

¹Department of English, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

|June 1, 1994

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Asperger syndrome exhibit distinct conversational patterns. Autistic individuals less frequently reference conversation history, while Asperger individuals produce more ambiguous references.

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Linguistics
Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Asperger syndrome are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by social communication challenges.
Understanding conversational dynamics, specifically the use of cohesive links, is crucial for diagnosing and supporting individuals with these disorders.
Previous research has identified difficulties in reciprocal conversation among individuals with pervasive developmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the use of cohesive links in reciprocal conversations among individuals with autism, Asperger syndrome, and a control group.
To compare the conversational strategies, specifically cohesive link usage, between these groups.
To explore the implications for understanding communicative failures in pervasive developmental disorders.

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Main Methods:

A 10-minute conversational task was administered to participants with autism, Asperger syndrome, and nonspecific social problems (control group).
Conversations were audio-recorded, transcribed, and blindly coded for various types of cohesive links.
Quantitative analysis compared the frequency and types of cohesive links across the groups.

Main Results:

The higher-functioning autistic group demonstrated significantly less reference to previous conversational content compared to controls.
Autistic individuals more frequently referred to aspects of the physical environment during conversations.
The Asperger syndrome group showed conversational patterns similar to controls, but with a higher incidence of unclear or ambiguous references.

Conclusions:

Distinct patterns in cohesive link usage differentiate individuals with autism and Asperger syndrome from neurotypical peers and those with nonspecific social issues.
The findings suggest specific linguistic markers associated with communicative challenges in autism spectrum disorder and Asperger syndrome.
Understanding these differences can inform targeted interventions to improve reciprocal conversation skills in individuals with pervasive developmental disorders.