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Potassium and taurine release are highly correlated with regulatory volume decrease in neonatal primary rat astrocyte

D Vitarella1, D J DiRisio, H K Kimelberg

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albany Medical College, New York 12208.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
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Calcium plays a key role in regulating astrocyte volume decrease (RVD). Inhibiting calcium pathways or calcium-activated potassium channels significantly impairs RVD, implicating both potassium and taurine release in this process.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Astrocytes regulate cell volume in response to osmotic stress.
  • Regulatory Volume Decrease (RVD) is a critical cellular process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of potassium (K+), taurine, and D-aspartate in astrocyte RVD.
  • To elucidate the involvement of calcium signaling in RVD.

Main Methods:

  • Primary astrocyte cultures from neonatal rats.
  • Electrical impedance method for cell volume determination.
  • On-line measurement of radioactive ion and amino acid efflux (86Rb, D-[3H]aspartate, [3H]taurine).

Main Results:

  • Inhibition of calcium entry, intracellular calcium sequestration, calcium-activated K+ channels, and calmodulin significantly inhibited RVD (p < 0.0001).

Related Experiment Videos

  • 86Rb release was inhibited, while D-[3H]aspartate release increased as RVD was inhibited.
  • [3H]taurine release was modulated by specific inhibitors, and net K+ and taurine release correlated with RVD extent.

    • Conclusions:

    • Calcium is crucial for regulating astrocyte RVD.
    • Inhibition of calcium-dependent pathways impairs RVD.
    • Both K+ and taurine release are implicated as key regulators of astrocyte RVD.