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Cancer prevention and screening activities reported by African-American nurses
1University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Purpose/Objectives:
To describe the cancer prevention and screening activities of African-American nurses prior to their participation in a national workshop on cancer prevention and screening. The hypothesis tested was that African-American nurses would describe few prevention and screening behaviors.
Design:
18-month, longitudinal, descriptive study.
Setting:
National survey.
Sample:
360 African-American nurses who applied for participation in a National Cancer Institute/Oncology Nursing Society workshop received study questionnaires. One hundred forty-six questionnaires were returned. The final sample was 64 nurses citing involvement in prevention/screening activities.
Methods:
Self-administered quantitative/qualitative questionnaire mailed to nurses two weeks prior to the workshop. Quantitative data analyzed using descriptive statistics; a clustering technique was used to categorize responses emerging from qualitative data.
Main Research Variable:
Cancer prevention and screening activities of African-American nurses six months prior to the workshop.
Findings:
Respondents reported involvement in 11 categories (618 prevention/screening activities), predominantly in those of life-style (86%), education (77%), and clinical screening (58%). Respondents practiced 64% of the activities on a voluntary basis. Respondents provided prevention/screening education to more than 8,900 community members.
Conclusion:
African-American nurses favorably influence cancer prevention and screening beliefs and practices of clients in their communities.
Implications For Nursing Practice:
A survey approach can describe cancer prevention/screening behaviors of African-American nurses. These nurses are an effective resource for community education.