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[Optic neuropathy in diabetic subjects]

M Algan1, O Ziegler, P Drouin

  • 1Service de Médecine G, hôpital Jeanne d'Arc, Toul, France.

Diabete & Metabolisme
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic optic neuropathies, including axial, ischemic, and acute disc swelling, can lead to vision loss. Optic atrophy may be the final outcome, particularly in Wolfram syndrome.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Context:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease with diverse ocular manifestations.
  • Optic neuropathy represents a significant complication affecting vision.
  • Understanding the specific clinical forms is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose:

  • To delineate the four primary clinical forms of optic neuropathy associated with diabetes.
  • To describe the characteristics and potential outcomes of each form.
  • To highlight the association with specific diabetic syndromes like Wolfram syndrome.

Summary:

  • Four clinical forms of diabetic optic neuropathy are identified: axial, anterior ischemic, acute disc swelling (often in type 1 diabetes), and optic atrophy.
  • Axial neuropathy is classical, while anterior ischemic neuropathy involves optic disc ischemia and variable visual loss.
  • Acute disc swelling may present as epipapillary/peripapillary capillaropathy, and optic atrophy can be a sequela. Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD) includes diabetes insipidus, mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness.

Impact:

  • Provides a clear classification of diabetic optic neuropathies for clinicians.
  • Enhances understanding of the pathophysiology and presentation of these conditions.
  • Aids in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of visual impairment in diabetic patients.

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