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Fluid and electrolyte therapy for children

A Meyers1

  • 1Division of General Pediatrics, Boston City Hospital, MA 02118.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Oral rehydration therapy effectively treats dehydrating diarrhea in children. Ongoing research explores optimal oral rehydration solutions to potentially reduce diarrheal disease severity and duration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Dehydrating diarrhea is a primary pediatric disorder of water and electrolyte metabolism.
  • Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) using glucose-electrolyte solutions represents a significant treatment advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on oral rehydration solutions (ORS).
  • To evaluate ORS formulations aimed at reducing diarrheal disease severity and duration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and clinical studies on ORS.
  • Analysis of data on the efficacy of various ORS compositions.

Main Results:

  • ORT is effective for all ages, dehydration degrees (except hypovolemic shock), and causes of gastroenteritis.

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  • Conflicting results exist regarding ORS formulations that additionally reduce diarrheal disease duration and severity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Oral rehydration therapy is a cornerstone treatment for dehydrating diarrhea.
    • The optimal ORS composition for reducing diarrheal disease burden requires further investigation.