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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

Interrelation of strongyloidiasis and tuberculosis

A D Dwarakanath¹, M Welton, C J Ellis

¹Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool.

|July 1, 1994

Summary

Latent strongyloidiasis can reactivate during tuberculosis infection. This case highlights the importance of considering strongyloidiasis in individuals from endemic areas presenting with relevant symptoms.

Area of Science:

Medical Parasitology
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health concern.
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection endemic in many tropical and subtropical regions.
Co-infections with TB and parasitic infections can complicate diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

A 31-year-old man with recent residency in the UK from Gambia presented with a two-month history of cough, malaise, weight loss, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
Sputum analysis revealed acid-alcohol fast bacilli, indicative of tuberculosis.
Stool examination identified Strongyloides stercoralis larvae and Giardia lamblia cysts.

Findings:

The patient presented with a concurrent diagnosis of tuberculosis and strongyloidiasis.

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The symptoms suggest a potential reactivation of latent strongyloidiasis triggered by active tuberculosis.

Co-infection with Giardia lamblia was also noted.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering strongyloidiasis in patients with a history of residing in endemic areas, especially when co-infected with tuberculosis.
Early diagnosis and treatment of strongyloidiasis are crucial to prevent potential complications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals or those with concurrent infections.
Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for strongyloidiasis in patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of parasitic infection and a relevant travel history.