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Lung function in middle distance adolescent runners

S C Lakhera1, T C Kain, P Bandopadhyay

  • 1Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi.

Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
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Adolescent lung function development is primarily driven by growth, not exercise. However, physical activity may enhance expiratory resistance and respiratory muscle endurance in young athletes.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Adolescent Physiology
  • Pulmonary Function Testing

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for physiological development, including lung growth.
  • The impact of regular physical activity on lung function during this developmental stage requires further elucidation.
  • Middle-distance running involves significant respiratory demands, making adolescent runners a relevant study population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of one year of middle-distance running training on lung functions in adolescents.
  • To assess whether physical activity during adolescence significantly influences lung development beyond natural growth.
  • To evaluate changes in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory capacity (IC), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV).

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Main Methods:

  • Pulmonary function tests were conducted on 14 boys and 11 girls aged 13-17 years.
  • Measurements were taken before and after a one-year period of consistent middle-distance running training.
  • Key lung function parameters including FVC, FEV1, ERV, IC, and MVV were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Lung function development in adolescents under optimal conditions appears primarily governed by the natural growth process.
  • Physical activity showed a negligible additional effect on overall lung function development during this period.
  • A potential benefit observed was reduced expiratory resistance and increased respiratory muscle endurance.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent lung development is predominantly influenced by growth, assuming adequate nutrition and health.
  • While significant overall lung function gains are minimal, physical training may enhance respiratory muscle efficiency and endurance.
  • Further research could explore long-term effects and specific training adaptations on respiratory mechanics in young athletes.