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Related Experiment Videos

Retrieval inhibition in directed forgetting and posthypnotic amnesia

B H Basden1, D R Basden, W C Coe

  • 1Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno 93740-0011.

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Directed forgetting and posthypnotic amnesia instructions impact memory recall and recognition differently. List-based directed forgetting and amnesia primarily involve retrieval inhibition, affecting recall more than recognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Directed forgetting and posthypnotic amnesia are memory control techniques.
  • Previous research suggests differential encoding and retrieval inhibition mechanisms.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for memory research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of word-directed forgetting, list-directed forgetting, and posthypnotic amnesia.
  • To compare recall and recognition performance across different forgetting conditions.
  • To examine the influence of testing modality on memory recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Subjects received word-directed forgetting, list-directed forgetting, or posthypnotic amnesia instructions.

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  • Experiment 2: Assessed recognition performance using public (oral) versus private (written) tests.
  • Measured recall and recognition accuracy for to-be-forgotten and to-be-remembered items.

    • Main Results:

    • Word-directed forgetting impaired both recall and recognition; list-directed forgetting impaired recall but not recognition.
    • Posthypnotic amnesia impaired recall but not recognition, suggesting retrieval inhibition.
    • Public testing led to lower recognition scores than private testing.

    Conclusions:

    • List-directed forgetting and posthypnotic amnesia appear to rely on retrieval inhibition.
    • Word-directed forgetting may involve differential encoding mechanisms.
    • Findings challenge existing differential tagging theories of memory control.