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Antimicrobial mouthrinses: overview and update

I D Mandel1

  • 1Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

The American Dental Association accepts Listerine and Peridex mouthwashes for reducing plaque and gingivitis. Other agents like triclosan, quaternary ammonium compounds, and fluorides show potential but require further study for efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral hygiene
  • Periodontology
  • Antimicrobial agents

Background:

  • The American Dental Association's Council on Dental Therapeutics evaluates oral hygiene products.
  • Several antimicrobial agents are used in mouthrinses and dentifrices for plaque and gingivitis control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and mechanisms of action of various antimicrobial mouthrinses and dentifrices.
  • To discuss agents with the American Dental Association Seal of Acceptance and those under investigation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on antimicrobial agents in oral hygiene.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of action for Listerine and chlorhexidine gluconate.
  • Evaluation of the reported efficacy of triclosan, quaternary ammonium compounds, sanguinarine, fluorides, and oxygenating agents.

Main Results:

  • Listerine and chlorhexidine gluconate (Peridex) have received the Seal of Acceptance.
  • Listerine acts by disrupting bacterial cell walls and inhibiting enzymes.
  • Chlorhexidine exhibits substantivity, allowing for slow release and prolonged action.

Conclusions:

  • Listerine and Peridex are effective antimicrobial agents for oral hygiene.
  • Triclosan-containing products show promise but are not yet available in the US.
  • Further research is needed for quaternary ammonium compounds, sanguinarine, fluorides, and oxygenating agents to confirm their antiplaque and antigingivitis potential.

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