Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Hypersensitivity

L C Grammer1

  • 1Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Short-chain fatty acids induce tissue plasminogen activator in airway epithelial cells via GPR41&43.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2018
Same author

Chronic airway inflammation provides a unique environment for B cell activation and antibody production.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2016
Same author

Elevated presence of myeloid dendritic cells in nasal polyps of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2014
Same author

Reduced expression of antimicrobial PLUNC proteins in nasal polyp tissues of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Allergy·2012
Same author

Acute hepatitis and rash to fluconazole.

Allergy·2003
Same author

Hypersensitivity to IFN-alpha.

Allergy·2001
Same journal

Effect of Semaglutide on Measured vs Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same journal

Beyond Diffusion and Convection: Is Adsorption the Third Dimension of Dialysis?

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same journal

Pivotal Clinical Trials in C3 Glomerulopathy: answers and remaining uncertainties.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same journal

Urinary protein vs albumin for assessing kidney failure risk in chronic kidney disease.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same journal

Systolic blood pressure and albuminuria reduction mediate cardiovascular benefits of finerenone in T2 diabetes and CKD.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
Same journal

Bortezomib-Cyclophosphamide-Dexamethasone versus Rituximab in PGNMID.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·2026
See all related articles

Anaphylaxis during hemodialysis is often caused by ethylene oxide (ETO), a sterilizing agent. Most patients experiencing this reaction have IgE antibodies to ETO-haptenized human serum albumin (ETO-HSA).

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Medical Device Sterilization

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction involving hypotension, bronchospasm, or airway angioedema, triggered by mediator release.
  • Ethylene oxide (ETO) is a common sterilant for medical equipment like hemodialyzers, which cannot withstand heat sterilization.
  • ETO can bind to human proteins, forming ETO-haptenized human serum albumin (ETO-HSA), a potential allergen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunological mechanisms underlying anaphylaxis in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • To identify specific allergens responsible for dialysis-associated anaphylaxis.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated IgE antibody prevalence against ETO-HSA in patients with and without a history of dialysis anaphylaxis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluated immunological and non-immunological mechanisms of mediator release in anaphylaxis.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately two-thirds of patients experiencing dialysis anaphylaxis demonstrated IgE antibodies against ETO-HSA.
    • Only about 5% of patients without anaphylaxis had IgE against ETO-HSA.
    • No other significant allergens or mechanisms were identified for dialysis anaphylaxis.

    Conclusions:

    • IgE antibodies to ETO-HSA are a primary cause of anaphylaxis in hemodialysis patients.
    • ETO sterilization of medical devices poses a significant risk for allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.