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QT interval in anorexia nervosa

R A Cooke1, J B Chambers, R Singh

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Guy's Hospital, London.

British Heart Journal
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Patients with anorexia nervosa show prolonged QT intervals, a marker for sudden death. Refeeding significantly shortens the QT interval, indicating improved cardiac health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with anorexia nervosa are at increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
  • QT interval prolongation is a known risk factor for fatal arrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of long QT interval in anorexia nervosa patients.
  • To assess the effect of refeeding on QT interval duration.
  • To compare linear regression analysis with the Bazett formula for QT interval assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective case-control study involving 41 anorexia nervosa patients and 28 controls.
  • Maximum QT interval measured using 12-lead electrocardiograms.
  • Linear regression analysis and 95% confidence intervals (CI) used for QT interval definition.

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Main Results:

  • 43.6% of QT interval variability was explained by heart rate alone.
  • 15% of patients had QT intervals above the 95% CI upper limit.
  • Two sudden deaths occurred, both in patients with QT intervals at or above the 95% CI upper limit.
  • Refeeding led to a significant shortening of the QT interval (p=0.04).
  • The Bazett formula overestimated QT prolongation and did not reflect improvement with refeeding.

Conclusions:

  • The QT interval is significantly longer in anorexia nervosa patients compared to controls.
  • A prolonged QT interval in anorexia nervosa is a marker for sudden death risk.
  • Refeeding therapy leads to a reversion of QT interval towards normal values.