Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Is a virtual trajectory necessary in reaching movements?

N G Hatsopoulos1

  • 1Division of Biology, CNS Program, MS 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.

Biological Cybernetics
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Motor somatotopy impacts imagery strategy success in human intracortical brain-computer interfaces.

Journal of neural engineering·2025
Same author

Motor somatotopy impacts imagery strategy success in human intracortical brain-computer interfaces.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2024
Same author

Primary sensorimotor cortex exhibits complex dependencies of spike-field coherence on neuronal firing rates, field power, and behavior.

Journal of neurophysiology·2018
Same author

Directional information from neuronal ensembles in the primate orofacial sensorimotor cortex.

Journal of neurophysiology·2013
Same author

Behavioral demonstration of a somatosensory neuroprosthesis.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2013
Same author

Excess synchrony in motor cortical neurons provides redundant direction information with that from coarse temporal measures.

Journal of neurophysiology·2001

This study adapted the mass-spring model for two-joint arm movements, finding that a central model with a gradually shifting equilibrium position better predicts human hand paths and velocities than a peripheral model.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The mass-spring model is a framework for understanding limb control.
  • Previous research suggested a
  • virtual
  • trajectory for hand equilibrium in single-joint movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the mass-spring model to two-joint arm movements.
  • To compare two model versions (peripheral vs. central) against human kinematic data.
  • To investigate the concept of a
  • virtual
  • trajectory in multi-joint movements.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted the mass-spring model for horizontal plane, two-joint arm movements.
  • Developed a peripheral model with abrupt equilibrium shifts and gated torques.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Developed a central model with a gradually updated equilibrium trajectory.
  • Compared model outputs to human kinematic data (Morasso, 1981).

    • Main Results:

    • The central model generally outperformed the peripheral model across the workspace.
    • The central model's predictions showed greater stability with varying movement speeds.
    • Deviations were noted in specific movement directions.

    Conclusions:

    • A gradually updated equilibrium trajectory (central model) provides a better account of two-joint arm movements than abrupt shifts (peripheral model).
    • The findings support the
    • virtual
    • trajectory concept in more complex limb movements.
    • The model offers insights into motor control strategies for multi-joint actions.