Skeletal problems in poultry: estimated annual cost and descriptions

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Science
• Animal Science
• Poultry Health

Background:

• Skeletal problems represent a significant economic burden in the poultry industry.
• These issues lead to increased mortality, culling, condemnations, and reduced meat quality.
• Noninfectious skeletal diseases are a primary concern for poultry producers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To estimate the annual economic losses associated with skeletal problems in US poultry.
• To define and describe eleven common noninfectious skeletal diseases affecting poultry.
• To provide a foundation for further symposium presentations on poultry skeletal health.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature and data on poultry skeletal diseases.
• Estimation of economic losses based on mortality, culling, downgrading, and reduced performance.
• Compilation of information on disease definitions, synonyms, symptoms, and causes.

Main Results:

• Estimated annual losses in the United States are $80-$120 million for broilers and $32-$40 million for turkeys.
• Eleven distinct noninfectious skeletal diseases are described in detail.
• Common conditions include long bone distortion, tibial dyschondroplasia, rickets, and footpad dermatitis.

Conclusions:

• Noninfectious skeletal diseases in poultry result in substantial economic losses.
• Accurate identification and understanding of these diseases are crucial for effective management.
• This review serves as a critical resource for addressing poultry skeletal health challenges.