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[Maternal diabetes mellitus as a risk factor in the development of renal pathology in children]
Insights
Children born to mothers with diabetes may experience abnormal kidney development. Studies show maternal diabetes, particularly with poor control, can lead to fetal kidney malformations and functional disorders.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Maternal diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- The impact of maternal diabetes on fetal kidney development requires further investigation.
- Congenital anomalies and functional deficits in offspring of diabetic mothers are a clinical concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the renal status of children born to mothers with juvenile diabetes mellitus.
- To identify potential associations between maternal diabetic complications and fetal kidney abnormalities.
- To assess the prevalence of structural and functional renal disorders in this pediatric cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 44 children with a history of diabetic mothers.
- Renal ultrasonography for structural anomaly detection.
- Renography using 123I-hippuran for functional assessment.
Main Results:
- Structural kidney malformations (e.g., double kidneys, renal agenesis) were identified in 10 out of 44 children.
- Functional renal disorders were detected in 16 out of 44 children.
- Higher incidence of renal abnormalities observed in children exposed to maternal nephropathy, hydramnion, and poor glycemic control.
Conclusions:
- Maternal juvenile diabetes mellitus, especially with complications like nephropathy and hydramnion, is associated with abnormal fetal kidney development.
- Poor metabolic control during pregnancy significantly contributes to renal malformations and functional disorders in offspring.
- Early renal assessment in children of diabetic mothers is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
Abstract:
Forty-four children of diabetic mothers aged 10.5 years on an average were examined. Ultrasonography and renography with 123I-hippuran label were used to assess these children's renal status. Various malformations (double kidneys, kidney agenesia, fused of floating kidneys) were detected in 10 patients, in 16 various functional renal disorders were revealed. The authors suppose that maternal juvenile diabetes mellitus, nephropathy, hydramnion, and poor metabolic control during a diabetic pregnancy result in abnormal development of fetal kidneys.