Relapsing chickenpox in a young man with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Reinfection of previously "immune" patients with varicella-zoster virus can result in recurrent chickenpox. However, relapses of chickenpox are not well recognized. We describe a young man with lymphoma who rapidly developed multiple, discrete relapses of chickenpox each time therapy with acyclovir was stopped. His cutaneous infection eventually became unremitting, despite continuous treatment with acyclovir. No evidence ever suggested visceral dissemination of varicella. The patient died suddenly; the cause of death was not determined.