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Phototherapy induced hypocalcemia

H Sethi1, A Saili, A K Dutta

  • 1Neonatal Division, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi.

Indian Pediatrics
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia significantly lowers serum calcium levels, leading to hypocalcemia in most preterm and full-term infants. Supplemental calcium is recommended for neonates receiving phototherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition requiring treatment.
  • Phototherapy is a standard treatment for neonatal jaundice.
  • Potential side effects of phototherapy, such as hypocalcemia, require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium levels in neonates.
  • To compare calcium levels in neonates treated with phototherapy versus a control group.
  • To determine the incidence of hypocalcemia associated with phototherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty neonates were divided into study (phototherapy) and control groups.
  • The study included both preterm and full-term infants.

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  • Serum total and ionized calcium levels were measured and compared between groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Ninety percent of preterm and 75% of full-term neonates receiving phototherapy developed hypocalcemia.
    • A highly significant decrease in total and ionized calcium was observed in the phototherapy group.
    • Control groups showed no significant changes in calcium levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Phototherapy significantly reduces serum calcium levels in neonates.
    • Hypocalcemia is a common complication of phototherapy in both preterm and full-term infants.
    • Supplemental calcium administration is recommended for neonates undergoing phototherapy to prevent hypocalcemia.