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Dermatophytosis and the immune response

M V Dahl1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

The skin

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Dermatophytes cause superficial fungal infections.
  • Cell-mediated immunity is crucial for clearing dermatophytes.
  • Non-specific defense mechanisms also play a role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of dermatophyte elimination from the skin.
  • To understand the interplay between the host immune system and dermatophytes.
  • To identify factors that may inhibit the immune response.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on dermatophyte immunology and pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of non-specific defense mechanisms.
  • Investigation of fungal enzymes and toxins.

Main Results:

  • Cell-mediated immunity, acquired through infection, sloughs fungi via keratinocyte proliferation.
  • Non-specific defenses include serum factors inhibiting iron availability and complement activation.
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes inhibit fungal growth.
  • Fungal enzymes facilitate invasion into the stratum corneum.
  • Trichophyton rubrum components may suppress host immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Dermatophyte clearance involves a complex immune response.
  • Both specific and non-specific immunity contribute to host defense.
  • Fungal factors can potentially evade or inhibit the host immune response.

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