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Audiovestibular involvement in systemic sclerosis

S Berrettini1, C Ferri, N Pitaro

  • 1Institute of Otolaryngology, University of Pisa, Italy.

ORL; Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Its Related Specialties
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
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Systemic sclerosis (SSC) frequently causes audiovestibular issues, including sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. This study highlights SSC as a potential autoimmune cause of these hearing and balance problems.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Rheumatology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSC) is an autoimmune disease with potential multi-organ involvement.
  • Audiovestibular disturbances are recognized complications, but their precise nature and association with SSC require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of audiovestibular disturbances in patients with systemic sclerosis.
  • To determine the direct association between SSC and audiovestibular damage.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 37 unselected systemic sclerosis patients underwent comprehensive audiological and vestibular assessments.
  • Evaluations included pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, impedance audiometry, brainstem response audiometry, and electronystagmography.

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Main Results:

  • A significant prevalence of audiovestibular involvement (41%) was observed in SSC patients.
  • Hearing loss occurred in 14 patients (sensorineural in 10, mixed in 4), with cochlear involvement being the primary site of lesion.
  • Four patients exhibited abnormal vestibular function, with only one having normal hearing.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic sclerosis is directly implicated in causing audiovestibular damage, particularly sensorineural hearing loss.
  • The findings suggest SSC should be considered among autoimmune diseases that manifest with audiovestibular disturbances.
  • Early audiological and vestibular screening may be beneficial for SSC patients.