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[Occupational asthma caused by organic substances]

D A Moneret-Vautrin1, G Kanny, A Lagrange

  • 1Service de médecine D-médecine interne, immunologie clinique et allergologie, CHU de Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Occupational asthma (OA) from organic substances, often IgE-dependent, affects various workers. Early diagnosis and prevention through environmental controls are key for managing this workplace allergy.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Occupational Medicine
  • Allergology

Context:

  • Occupational asthma (OA) to organic substances is a significant health concern, frequently linked to immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent hypersensitivity.
  • Emerging allergens include latex and vegetal gums, impacting healthcare and manufacturing sectors.
  • Bakers face exposure to diverse allergens like cereal flours, seed proteins, and enzymes, such as alpha-amylase from Aspergillus orizae.

Purpose:

  • To review the etiological agents, diagnostic methods, and prevention strategies for occupational asthma.
  • To highlight new allergens and their prevalence in specific occupations.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and environmental control in managing OA.

Summary:

  • OA is often caused by IgE-mediated responses to organic substances like latex, vegetal gums, and enzymes (e.g., Aspergillus orizae alpha-amylase).
  • Diagnosis involves clinical history, peak expiratory flow measurements, skin prick tests, IgE immunoassays, and bronchial provocation tests.
  • Prevention strategies include air sampling for allergen control and removing sensitized individuals from exposure, with no contraindication for atopics in high-risk jobs.

Impact:

  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of occupational asthma, aiding clinicians in diagnosis and management.
  • It highlights the need for increased awareness of emerging allergens in the workplace.
  • The findings support evidence-based prevention strategies, potentially reducing OA incidence and improving worker health.

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