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Resistant gram-positive organisms
1Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee-Memphis.
Abstract:
Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria has reemerged in the last decade as a major clinical problem. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci, and enterococci resistant to penicillin, vancomycin, and/or gentamicin have become new considerations in the selection of therapy. Both mutation and acquisition of new DNA on either the chromosome or plasmids can be responsible for resistance in Gram-positive species. Because therapies are often limited, renewed efforts are needed to understand the epidemiology in order to effect control.
Insights
Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria is a growing concern, with resistant strains like MRSA and VRE complicating treatment. Understanding the spread of resistance is crucial for developing effective control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria has resurged as a significant clinical challenge.
- Specific resistant pathogens include methicillin-resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci, and multidrug-resistant enterococci.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the reemergence of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria.
- To underscore the clinical implications for therapeutic selection.
- To emphasize the need for epidemiological understanding and control.
Main Methods:
- Review of current clinical and microbiological data on Gram-positive resistance.
- Analysis of genetic mechanisms contributing to resistance (mutation and DNA acquisition).
Main Results:
- Resistant strains (e.g., MRSA, penicillin-resistant pneumococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococci) are increasingly prevalent.
- Resistance mechanisms involve both chromosomal mutations and plasmid-mediated DNA transfer.
Conclusions:
- Limited therapeutic options necessitate a deeper understanding of resistance epidemiology.
- Effective control strategies require comprehensive knowledge of resistance patterns and mechanisms.