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Pulsed laser beam effects on gingiva

S I Gold1, M A Vilardi

  • 1Columbia University, School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Division of Periodontics, New York, NY 10032.

Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Pulsed Nd:YAG lasers effectively remove pocket lining epithelium in patients with moderate periodontitis. This laser treatment shows minimal damage to underlying connective tissue, offering a promising dental therapeutic option.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Periodontology
  • Laser Dentistry

Background:

  • Pulsed Nd:YAG lasers have been available for clinical dental use since 1990.
  • Periodontitis involves inflammation and destruction of the tissues supporting teeth.
  • Pocket lining epithelium removal is a key step in periodontal therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a low-power pulsed Nd:YAG laser in removing pocket lining epithelium.
  • To assess the effects of this laser treatment on human gingival tissue in periodontitis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic examination of 24 gingival tissue specimens from 6 periodontitis patients.
  • Application of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) with a 320 µm spot size.
  • Utilized power settings of 1.25 and 1.75 Watts at 20 Hz for 2-3 minutes.

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Main Results:

  • Complete removal of pocket lining epithelium observed in 83% of specimens.
  • Minimal basal cell remnants noted at the coronal sulcular margin in 17% of sections.
  • No evidence of necrosis or carbonization in the underlying connective tissue.

Conclusions:

  • The pulsed Nd:YAG laser effectively removes pocket lining epithelium in moderately deep periodontal pockets.
  • The laser treatment demonstrated minimal morphologic changes to the gingival tissue.
  • This laser modality presents a safe and effective option for periodontal therapy.