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Post-traumatic syringomyelia

M V Squier1, R P Lehr

  • 1Department of Neuropathology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Post-traumatic syringomyelia, a complication of spinal cord injury, occurs in about 20% of cases. This condition appears to arise from necrotic tissue, not blood clots, though its exact development mechanism requires further study.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pathology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Post-traumatic syringomyelia is a known complication of spinal cord injury (SCI).
  • Previous estimates of its incidence varied significantly, with clinical and CT studies suggesting 1-5%, while MRI indicated up to 22%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and pathological basis of post-traumatic syringomyelia.
  • To correlate pathological findings with imaging-based incidence rates.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of 20 spinal cords post-mortem, from 2 days to 43 years after injury.
  • Histopathological analysis to identify acute and chronic changes and the nature of syrinx formation.

Main Results:

  • Four of the 20 spinal cords (20%) exhibited syrinxes, aligning with higher MRI-based incidence estimates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pathological findings suggest syringomyelia develops from myelomalacic (necrotic) cores rather than hematoma lysis.
  • Acute and chronic pathological changes following trauma were documented.

    • Conclusions:

    • The incidence of post-traumatic syringomyelia may be higher than previously suggested by non-imaging studies.
    • Myelomalacic cores are implicated as the origin of syrinxes post-trauma.
    • The precise mechanism driving syrinx extension remains undetermined.