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Gila monster envenomation

K R Hooker1, E M Caravati, S C Hartsell

  • 1Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) bites are rare, causing pain, hypotension, and nausea. Prompt fluid treatment effectively manages hypotension, with a recommended 6-hour observation period for Gila monster envenomation.

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Area of Science:

  • Herpetology
  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) envenomation is infrequently documented in medical literature.
  • Limited case reports necessitate further investigation into the clinical profile of Gila monster bites.

Observation:

  • This study details four additional cases of Gila monster envenomation.
  • Clinical observations focused on identifying consistent signs and symptoms following a bite.

Findings:

  • Common manifestations include severe pain, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, and vomiting.
  • Radiography cannot detect Gila monster teeth fragments in bite wounds.
  • Intravenous crystalloid fluid administration proved effective in resolving hypotension.

Implications:

  • Findings contribute to a better understanding of Gila monster envenomation syndromes.
  • A minimum 6-hour observation period is recommended to monitor for systemic toxicity after a bite.
  • This research aids in refining clinical management protocols for Heloderma suspectum bites.

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