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Genetics of lactobacilli: plasmids and gene expression

P H Pouwels1, R J Leer

  • 1Department Molecular Genetics and Gene-Technology, TNO Medical Biological Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This review details Lactobacillus plasmids, revealing modular organization and rolling circle replication similar to other Gram-positive bacteria. It also explores genetic elements controlling gene expression and codon usage in Lactobacillus species.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lactobacillus species harbor small plasmids (< 5 kb) with potential biotechnological applications.
  • Understanding plasmid structure and function is crucial for genetic manipulation of Lactobacillus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on Lactobacillus plasmid structure, replication, and genetic elements.
  • To analyze elements controlling gene expression, including promoters and translation initiation regions.
  • To discuss codon usage, protein secretion, and heterologous gene expression in Lactobacillus.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published data on Lactobacillus plasmids.
  • Comparative analysis of plasmid elements (replication origins, mobilization functions) with other Gram-positive bacteria.

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  • Sequence analysis of Lactobacillus promoters, genes, and translation initiation regions.

    • Main Results:

    • Lactobacillus plasmids exhibit modular organization and rolling circle replication, sharing similarities with other Gram-positive bacterial plasmids.
    • Identified Lactobacillus promoters show significant similarity to those of E. coli and B. subtilis.
    • Codon usage in Lactobacillus genes is heterogeneous, influenced by G+C content and gene expression levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Lactobacillus plasmids possess conserved elements acquired through horizontal gene transfer.
    • Genetic elements for controlling gene expression in Lactobacillus are similar to those in E. coli and B. subtilis.
    • Further research on protein secretion and heterologous gene expression can enhance Lactobacillus biotechnology.