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Related Experiment Videos

Baboon-to-human liver transplantation

T E Starzl1, J Fung, A Tzakis

  • 1Pittsburgh Transplant Institute, Pennsylvania.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 9, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates the feasibility of baboon liver xenotransplantation in a human recipient, successfully controlling rejection for 70 days. Biliary sludge and infection were identified as complications, highlighting areas for surgical and immunosuppression refinement in future xenotransplantation research.

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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Xenotransplantation
  • Organ replacement therapy

Background:

  • Limited organ availability for clinical transplantation necessitates exploring alternatives like xenotransplantation.
  • Patient presented with B virus-associated chronic active hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus infection, requiring liver replacement.
  • Previous laboratory success in controlling xenograft rejection provided a basis for clinical trials.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old male received a baboon liver using standard surgical techniques.
  • Immunosuppression involved FK 506, prednisone, prostaglandin, and cyclophosphamide.
  • The xenograft functioned well biochemically and histopathologically for 70 days, with baboon-derived clotting factors observed.

Findings:

  • Minimal evidence of hepatic rejection was detected during the 70-day survival period.

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  • Chimerism was observed, suggesting its role in graft acceptance.
  • Death resulted from cerebral hemorrhage due to angioinvasive aspergillus infection, secondary to biliary sludge.

    • Implications:

    • Baboon liver xenotransplantation is feasible in humans with controlled rejection.
    • Surgical modifications to prevent biliary stasis are crucial for avoiding infectious complications.
    • Future trials should aim to avoid over-immunosuppression and refine management of xenograft recipients.