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Drug-induced gynecomastia

D F Thompson1, J R Carter

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford.

Pharmacotherapy
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gynecomastia, a common condition in men, can be caused by various medications. Calcium-channel blockers, chemotherapy drugs, and histamine2-receptor blockers are among those with sufficient evidence linking them to this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Men's Health

Background:

  • Gynecomastia is a frequent clinical finding in males.
  • Numerous medications are suspected of causing gynecomastia.
  • Establishing definitive drug-induced gynecomastia requires careful evaluation of evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific literature regarding drugs implicated in causing gynecomastia.
  • To categorize the strength of evidence linking specific drug classes to gynecomastia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies and case reports on drug-induced gynecomastia.
  • Assessment of evidence quality for various drug classes.
  • Synthesis of findings to determine drug associations.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence links calcium-channel blockers, cancer chemotherapeutic agents, and histamine2-receptor blockers to gynecomastia.
  • Evidence for digitalis glycosides and neuroleptic agents is currently insufficient.
  • Ketoconazole, spironolactone, and marijuana have variable or contradictory data regarding their role.

Conclusions:

  • Several drug classes are strongly associated with causing gynecomastia in men.
  • Further research may be needed for drugs with insufficient or contradictory evidence.
  • Physicians should consider medication history when evaluating patients with gynecomastia.