Embryo-fetal development influenced by lead exposure in iron-deficient rats

Lead administered (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm Pb as lead nitrate) through drinking water from the 6th to the 14th day of gestation in iron-deficient rats, resulted in a significantly reduced litter size, reduced fetal weight and a reduced crown-rump length, increased resorption and a higher blood-lead uptake in those groups receiving 1000 and 2000 ppm Pb. These animals also had a higher placental lead uptake. However, the level was the same in both groups. Fetal lead uptake remained the same whether or not 2000 ppm lead was given to an iron-deficient or normal iron groups of mothers. This indicates that iron-deficiency renders female rats more susceptible to inducing embryo- and feto-toxicity when given lead through their drinking water.