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Molecular phylogenies in angiosperm evolution

W Martin1, D Lydiate, H Brinkmann

  • 1Institut für Genetik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Phylogenetic analysis of plant genes suggests monocots and dicots diverged in the Carboniferous, challenging angiosperm evolution theories. This finding contrasts with predictions from the Euanthial theory.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapC) is a key glycolytic enzyme.
  • Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) is a crucial chloroplast-encoded gene.
  • Understanding plant evolutionary divergences requires robust phylogenetic data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconstruct the evolutionary history of angiosperms using nuclear (gapC) and chloroplast (rbcL) genes.
  • To investigate the divergence times of major plant lineages, particularly monocots and dicots.
  • To compare phylogenetic signals from nuclear and chloroplast genomes.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning and sequencing of gapC cDNAs from diverse plant groups (bryophyte, gymnosperm, angiosperms).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Phylogenetic analyses incorporating existing gapC and rbcL sequence data.
  • Relative-rate tests to assess gene substitution rates across plant lineages.

    • Main Results:

    • Phylogenetic analyses indicate the primary split within angiosperms is between monocotyledons and dicotyledons, not magnoliids.
    • Both nuclear gapC and chloroplast rbcL data support a late Carboniferous divergence (approx. 300 Mya) for monocot-dicot lineages.
    • This divergence timing is compatible with early angiosperm fossils like Sanmiguelia lewisii.

    Conclusions:

    • The study challenges the Euanthial theory of angiosperm evolution by placing the monocot-dicot split as the deepest angiosperm dichotomy.
    • Nuclear and chloroplast gene data provide congruent evidence for early angiosperm diversification in the Carboniferous.
    • Phylogenetic analyses of gapC and rbcL offer insights into plant evolutionary timelines and relationships.