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Interleukin 13, a T-cell-derived cytokine that regulates human monocyte and B-cell function

A N McKenzie1, J A Culpepper, R de Waal Malefyt

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary

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Researchers identified a novel secreted protein, interleukin 13 (IL-13), from human T-cells. This protein modulates monocyte morphology and stimulates B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • A mouse helper T-cell-specific cDNA sequence, P600, has a human homologue.
  • Understanding T-cell-derived immunoregulatory proteins is crucial for immune system research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize the human homologue of the mouse P600 sequence.
  • To investigate the functional properties of the identified human protein in immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of human cDNA from an activated T-cell library.
  • Expression and purification of the human protein.
  • Functional assays using human monocytes and B cells, including proliferation and immunoglobulin production studies.

Main Results:

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  • The human cDNA encodes a secreted protein (approx. 10 kDa), designated interleukin 13 (IL-13).
  • Both human and mouse proteins induce morphological changes in monocytes, upregulating MHC class II and Fc epsilon RII (CD23).
  • IL-13 stimulates proliferation of activated human B cells and induces significant IgM and IgG production, but not IgA.

Conclusions:

  • The novel protein, IL-13, is a potent immunoregulatory cytokine.
  • IL-13 plays a significant role in B-cell activation, differentiation, and immunoglobulin synthesis.
  • This discovery provides new insights into T-cell-mediated immune responses.