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Related Experiment Videos

Homeobox genes in the developing central nervous system

E Boncinelli1, A Simeone, D Acampora

  • 1DIBIT, Istituto Scientifico H.S. Raffaele, Milano, Italy.

Annales De Genetique
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Hox genes in vertebrates share similarities with Drosophila homeotic genes. Their clustered organization and collinear expression in embryos are key findings, with retinoic acid influencing molecular mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Homeobox genes, including the Hox family, play crucial roles in vertebrate development.
  • Hox genes are homologous to Drosophila homeotic genes, suggesting conserved functions.
  • These genes are organized in chromosomal clusters with a specific genomic structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of action of vertebrate homeobox genes, particularly the Hox family.
  • To explore the relationship between Hox gene cluster organization and their expression patterns.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the collinear expression of Hox genes during embryogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and study of vertebrate genes encoding DNA-binding domains homologous to homeobox sequences.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative analysis of genomic organization and expression patterns between vertebrate Hox genes and Drosophila homeotic genes.
  • In situ hybridization experiments to map gene expression domains in embryos.
  • Studies using embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells induced to differentiate with retinoic acid (RA).

    • Main Results:

    • Vertebrate Hox genes exhibit conserved features with Drosophila homeotic genes, including gene clustering.
    • A strict collinearity was observed between the 3' to 5' order of Hox genes in the cluster and their anterior to posterior expression domains in embryos.
    • Retinoic acid-induced differentiation of EC cells provided insights into the molecular basis of Hox gene collinear expression.

    Conclusions:

    • The genomic organization and spatial-temporal expression of Hox genes are highly conserved across species.
    • Collinearity in Hox gene expression is a fundamental aspect of vertebrate axial patterning.
    • Retinoic acid plays a role in regulating the molecular mechanisms that control Hox gene collinearity during differentiation.