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Related Experiment Videos

Tardive dyskinesia

D V Jeste1, M P Caligiuri

  • 1Psychiatry Service, VA Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161.

Schizophrenia Bulletin
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) affects about 24% of patients on antipsychotics, with higher risks for older adults. Current treatments for TD, beyond stopping medication, remain experimental.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a significant adverse effect of antipsychotic medications.
  • Prevalence of TD in chronically treated patients is approximately 24%, with higher incidence in older adults.
  • Risk factors include advanced age, female gender, mood disorders, and brain dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, assessment methods, and treatment of neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.
  • To discuss the evolving understanding of TD's pathophysiology.
  • To highlight the limitations of current TD treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tardive dyskinesia.
  • Analysis of prospective study data on TD incidence in different age groups.

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  • Discussion of traditional rating scales and newer instrumental assessment methods for TD.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall prevalence of TD is 24%, with annual incidence rates of 4-5% in younger adults and over 30% in patients over 45.
    • Aging is a significant risk factor for TD.
    • Metoclopramide can also induce persistent TD.

    Conclusions:

    • TD remains a major challenge in schizophrenia treatment.
    • The pathophysiology of TD is complex, likely involving multiple neurotransmitter systems.
    • Effective treatments for TD, apart from neuroleptic withdrawal, are still under investigation.