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Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in childhood malignancy

C H Pui1, X Luo, W Evans

  • 1Department of Hematology-Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101.

Blood
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric cancer patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease showed higher soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels. These levels correlated with disease stage and relapse, normalizing in remission.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is involved in immune responses.
  • Elevated ICAM-1 has been observed in various cancers.
  • Its role in pediatric malignancies requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure serum ICAM-1 levels in children diagnosed with different cancers.
  • To correlate ICAM-1 levels with disease characteristics like stage and relapse.
  • To assess ICAM-1 levels in patients in remission.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected at diagnosis from pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Wilms' tumor, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma.
  • Serum ICAM-1 levels were quantified using established assays.

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  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare levels between groups and correlate with clinical data.

    • Main Results:

    • Median serum ICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease compared to controls and other pediatric malignancies.
    • Serum ICAM-1 levels positively correlated with disease stage in Hodgkin's disease, Ewing's sarcoma, and Wilms' tumor.
    • A positive correlation was also observed between ICAM-1 levels and relapse frequency in Hodgkin's disease.
    • All patients in remission had normal serum ICAM-1 levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated serum ICAM-1 at diagnosis is associated with specific pediatric malignancies, notably acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease.
    • Serum ICAM-1 levels may serve as a potential biomarker for disease burden and relapse risk in certain childhood cancers.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of ICAM-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of pediatric malignancies.