Periosteal new bone formation developing during haemodialysis for chronic renal failure

Periosteal new bone formation in the pelvis is reported in five patients on maintenance haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. In two of the cases the shafts of long bones were also involved. The associated radiological and biochemical findings suggest that this unusual radiological feature may be a manifestation of secondary hyperparathyroidism. In one patient in whom the plasma phosphate and calcium X phosphate [Ca X P1] product were reduced there was partial incorporation of the periosteal new bone into the underlying cortex.