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Myeloid leukaemia and osteosarcoma in CBA/H mice given 224Ra
E R Humphreys1, K R Isaacs, T A Raine
1MRC Radiobiology Unit Chilton, Didcot, UK.
International Journal of Radiation Biology
|August 1, 1993
Summary
Radium-224 (224Ra) exposure in mice showed a direct link between dose and tumor development, with myeloid leukemia posing a greater risk than osteosarcoma at lower doses.
Area of Science:
- Radiobiology
- Oncology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Bone-seeking alpha-particle emitters, such as Radium-224 (224Ra), are a concern for human health.
- Osteosarcoma is currently considered the primary risk associated with these radionuclides.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dose-response relationship between Radium-224 (224Ra) administration and tumor incidence in mice.
- To compare the risk of myeloid leukemia versus osteosarcoma following 224Ra exposure.
Main Methods:
- Four groups of 400 CBA/H mice each were intraperitoneally injected with varying doses of 224Ra (69, 139, 280, 550 Bq/g).
- A control group of 400 mice received only diluting solution.
- Mice were monitored until death or sacrifice to record tumor development.
Main Results:
- A total of 53 myeloid leukemias and 22 osteosarcomas were confirmed in the 2000 injected mice.
- A direct relationship was observed between the administered dose of 224Ra and the incidence of both myeloid leukemia and osteosarcoma.
- Myeloid leukemia incidence increased with dose, as did osteosarcoma incidence.
Conclusions:
- In mice, myeloid leukemia presents a greater risk than osteosarcoma at Radium-224 (224Ra) doses below those that maximize osteosarcoma yield.
- These findings suggest that the risk assessment for bone-seeking alpha-particle emitters may need to consider myeloid leukemia more prominently.