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Related Experiment Videos

Cold urticaria and HIV infection

R Y Lin1, R A Schwartz

  • 1Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, New York Medical College, New York.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Patients with HIV antibody experienced swelling and itching when exposed to cold. This cold hypersensitivity, confirmed by an ice-cube test, may be an allergic reaction linked to HIV infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can manifest with various dermatological conditions.
  • Zidovudine is a common antiretroviral therapy used to manage HIV.
  • Patients with significant CD4 cell depletion are at risk for opportunistic infections and immune dysregulation.

Observation:

  • Three HIV-seropositive patients presented with cold-induced swelling and pruritus on the head and limbs.
  • All patients had a history of zidovudine treatment for low CD4 counts.
  • An ice-cube test elicited a positive reaction in all three individuals.

Findings:

  • The observed symptoms were specifically triggered by cold exposure.
  • Standard tests for cold agglutinins, cryoglobulins, and syphilis were negative.
  • No other concurrent diseases were identified as the cause.

Implications:

  • This case series suggests a potential association between HIV infection and cold hypersensitivity.
  • The findings may indicate an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction related to HIV.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the immunopathogenesis of cold-induced reactions in HIV-infected individuals.

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