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Serum alphafetoprotein in multiple pregnancy

E M Bryan, R W Thorp, E Nicholson

    Biology of the Neonate
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in umbilical cord serum correlate inversely with gestational age but show significant intrapair differences in multiple pregnancies. These discrepancies are higher in dizygotic twins and unaffected by birth order, weight, or malformations.

    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal Medicine
    • Biochemistry
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

    Background:

    • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein crucial for fetal development.
    • Elevated AFP levels can indicate certain fetal abnormalities or complications.
    • Understanding AFP dynamics in multiple gestations is vital for accurate prenatal assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations in paired maternal and umbilical cord sera from multiple pregnancies.
    • To analyze the relationship between cord AFP levels, gestational age, and intrapair differences in twins.
    • To explore factors influencing AFP discrepancies between twins, including zygosity, birth order, weight, and malformations.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of paired maternal and umbilical cord serum samples from 42 multiple pregnancies.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantification of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations using established laboratory methods.
  • Statistical analysis to determine correlations and compare AFP levels between twins.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal serum AFP concentrations were consistently low (≤1.4 microgram/ml).
    • A significant inverse correlation was observed between cord AFP levels and gestational age.
    • Large intrapair AFP discrepancies were common in twins, not influenced by birth order, weight, or malformations.
    • Intrapair AFP ratios were significantly higher in dizygotic (DZ) twins compared to monozygotic (MZ) twins.
    • In a case of neonatal hepatitis discordance, the affected twin had lower cord AFP, which remained detectable at 55 days.

    Conclusions:

    • Cord blood alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are inversely related to gestational age in multiple pregnancies.
    • Significant intrapair differences in AFP levels between twins are common and influenced by zygosity.
    • AFP monitoring in multiple gestations requires careful consideration of these intrapair variations and zygosity.