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[Ocular manifestations in mitochondrial DNA abnormalities]

Y Isashiki1, M Nakagawa, H Yamada

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.

Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial diseases, linked to mitochondrial DNA mutations, frequently cause eye problems like vision loss and eyelid drooping. This review details these ophthalmological aspects and genetic links in various mitochondrial disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Mitochondrial diseases are multisystem disorders affecting various organs.
  • Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are implicated in the pathogenesis of these conditions.
  • Ocular manifestations are common in mitochondrial diseases.

Purpose:

  • To review the ophthalmological and genetic aspects of mitochondrial diseases.
  • To correlate ocular manifestations with specific mtDNA mutations.
  • To present clinical cases illustrating these associations.

Summary:

  • Reviewed ophthalmological and genetic features of mitochondrial diseases.
  • Confirmed ocular manifestations (e.g., chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, optic atrophy) are associated with mtDNA deletion or point mutations.

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  • Described cases of myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fibers with mtDNA mutation and optic atrophy, and myotonic dystrophy with CTG repeat expansion and retinochoroidal degeneration.
  • Impact:

    • Highlights the significant role of mitochondrial DNA mutations in causing visual impairment.
    • Provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians diagnosing and managing mitochondrial eye diseases.
    • Underscores the need for integrated genetic and ophthalmological evaluation in suspected cases.