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Influence of some plasma proteins on in vitro bacterial adherence to PTFE and Dacron vascular prostheses
Z Zdanowski1, E Ribbe, C Schalén
1Department of Surgery, Lund University, Sweden.
Abstract:
The in vitro adherence of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli (one strain of each species) to commercially available, microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and woven Dacron vascular grafts before and after coating with human plasma was compared. Standard size segments of the materials were incubated with 35S-labeled bacteria for 0.5-18 h and, following washes, the radioactivity associated with the segment was measured. The binding of each of the tested species to native Dacron was higher than to PTFE. After coating with human plasma, however, the binding of all three species to PTFE was significantly enhanced, whereas the binding to Dacron was reduced. In addition, the influence of coating with serum albumin (HSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), fibrinogen (Fg) or fibronectin (Fn) rather than whole plasma was tested. We found that coating with HSA reduced the binding of all three species to Dacron and of staphylococci to PTFE. IgG decreased the binding of S. epidermidis and E. coli to Dacron and of S. epidermidis to PTFE. In contrast, Fg enhanced the binding of S. aureus both to Dacron and PTFE, and that of E. coli to PTFE, but decreased the binding of S. epidermidis and E. coli to Dacron. Fn enhanced the binding of S. aureus to Dacron, and of E. coli to PTFE, but decreased the binding of S. aureus to PTFE and of S. epidermidis both to PTFE and Dacron. Thus, both whole plasma and some isolated plasma proteins were found to modulate bacterial adherence to two tested graft materials. From a clinical point of view, bacterial binding to plasma-coated rather than native materials may more adequately determine the likelihood of in vivo colonization of the various materials. Furthermore, precoating of materials with selected proteins may be of value in the prevention of graft colonization.
Insights
Coating vascular grafts with human plasma significantly alters bacterial adherence. Plasma coating enhances bacterial binding to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts while reducing it on Dacron grafts, impacting infection risk.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Infectious Disease Research
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Bacterial adherence to vascular graft materials is a critical factor in graft infection.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Dacron are common materials used in vascular grafts.
- Understanding protein interactions with graft surfaces is crucial for preventing microbial colonization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the in vitro adherence of common bacterial species to PTFE and Dacron vascular grafts.
- To investigate the effect of human plasma and specific plasma proteins on bacterial adherence to these graft materials.
- To assess the potential of protein precoating for preventing graft colonization.
Main Methods:
- Incubation of PTFE and Dacron graft segments with labeled Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli.
- Measurement of bacterial adherence after incubation with native materials, plasma-coated materials, and materials coated with specific proteins (HSA, IgG, Fg, Fn).
- Quantification of bacterial binding through radioactivity measurements.
Main Results:
- Native Dacron showed higher bacterial binding than native PTFE.
- Plasma coating significantly increased bacterial adherence to PTFE but decreased it to Dacron.
- Specific plasma proteins differentially modulated bacterial adherence to both graft types.
Conclusions:
- Human plasma and isolated plasma proteins significantly influence bacterial adherence to PTFE and Dacron vascular grafts.
- Plasma-coated graft materials may better predict in vivo bacterial colonization likelihood.
- Precoating vascular grafts with specific proteins could be a strategy to prevent bacterial colonization and infection.