Radiation therapy for carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Radiologic planning and treatment techniques

In radiation therapy for carcinoma of the bladder, various anatomic and physiologic factors affect the position of the target volume and introduce errors in the treatment technique. The radiologic procedures for planning and follow-up of the patients must consider these factors. The beam geometry is also of decisive importance for minimizing the effect of these factors and for avoiding injury to surrounding structures. The irradiation procedure of choice should be a four beam technique with supervoltage roentgen radiation.