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Related Experiment Videos

Seabather's eruption. Clinical, histologic, and immunologic features

D E Wong1, T L Meinking, L B Rosen

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, FL 33101.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Seabather's eruption (SE) is a pruritic rash caused by the thimble jellyfish, Linuche unguiculata. This study identified the jellyfish larvae in ocean water and confirmed specific antibodies in affected individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Seabather's eruption (SE) is a common, intensely itchy rash occurring after ocean swimming, typically under swimwear.
  • The cause of SE has remained largely unknown since its initial description in 1949.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clinically and histopathologically characterize SE.
  • To identify the causative agent of SE.

Main Methods:

  • Patients presenting with SE within one week of onset were enrolled.
  • Skin biopsies and serum samples were collected; water samples were analyzed for causative organisms.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect specific antibodies in patient sera.

Main Results:

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  • SE presented as pruritic papules within hours of exposure, predominantly under swimwear, lasting an average of 12.5 days.
  • Histopathology showed superficial and deep inflammatory infiltrates with lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils.
  • Cnidarian larvae, identified as Linuche unguiculata (thimble jellyfish), were found in water samples; patients' sera showed high IgG levels specific to L. unguiculata.

Conclusions:

  • SE is a pruritic marine dermatosis linked to Linuche unguiculata exposure.
  • The condition resolves spontaneously, with symptomatic treatment often being ineffective.
  • Elevated specific IgG antibodies in patients confirm L. unguiculata as the cause of SE.