Bovine herpesvirus 1 gIV-expressing cells resist virus penetration

The interaction of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) with the BHV-1 glycoprotein IV (gIV)-expressing cell line D1-1 was examined by radiolabelled virus adsorption assays, in situ autoradiography and electron microscopy. Adsorption of radiolabelled BHV-1 to D1-1 cells was similar to that observed in control cell lines but in situ radiography revealed that virus moved to the nucleus of control but not the gIV-expressing cells. Electron microscopy studies showed that BHV-1 attached to the cell membranes of D1-1 and control cells at 4 degrees C but penetration of virus was observed only in control cells when the temperature was shifted to 37 degrees C. These results provide further evidence that cellular expression of gIV does not prevent viral adsorption, but does prevent the entrance of the virus into the cell.