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Occupational asthma to the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum
S J Gottlieb1, E Garibaldi, P S Hutcheson
1Division of Allergy and Immunology, St Louis University School of Medicine, MO 63104-1028.
Abstract:
Dictyostelium discoideum is a slime mold that exists in a unicellular amoeboid form under certain nutritional conditions. In this form, it produces unique lysosomal enzymes that are valuable in studying cell-to-cell signaling systems. We report on a research microbiologist who developed rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma after release of D. discoideum from a pressurized canister. Immediate skin test reactivity was demonstrated to whole and lysed organisms. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results revealed IgE antibody against D. discoideum whole organism, lysed organism, and lysosomal enzymes with the strongest response being directed toward lysosomal enzymes. Pulmonary function testing showed a decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced expiratory flow after modified laboratory exposure to D. discoideum. This case represents the first report of occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma from slime mild.
Insights
A research microbiologist developed allergic reactions, including asthma, after exposure to Dictyostelium discoideum. This slime mold exposure led to IgE antibodies and reduced lung function, highlighting occupational risks.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Dictyostelium discoideum, a slime mold, exists as unicellular amoebae and produces valuable lysosomal enzymes for cell signaling research.
- Occupational exposure to microorganisms can lead to allergic respiratory and skin conditions.
Observation:
- A research microbiologist experienced rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma symptoms after accidental release of D. discoideum.
- Immediate skin reactivity to whole and lysed D. discoideum was observed.
Findings:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed IgE antibodies against D. discoideum, particularly its lysosomal enzymes.
- Pulmonary function tests revealed a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow after exposure.
Implications:
- This case is the first documented instance of occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma caused by slime mold exposure.
- Highlights the potential for D. discoideum to act as an occupational allergen.
- Suggests the need for safety protocols when handling D. discoideum in laboratory settings.