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Gender differences in sleep disordered breathing in a community-based sample

S Redline1, K Kump, P V Tishler

  • 1Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
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Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is more common in males than females. However, community-based studies show a smaller gender gap in SDB prevalence, particularly in older women.

Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gender disparities in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) prevalence are noted in clinical vs. population studies.
  • Previous research indicates differing SDB frequencies between genders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between gender, SDB, and SDB symptoms.
  • To compare SDB prevalence in a clinical (laboratory) sample versus a community sample.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 389 participants (ages 16-84) in a sleep apnea genetic-epidemiologic study.
  • Assessed SDB using in-home monitoring (airflow, oximetry, heart rate, chest impedance) and questionnaires.
  • Defined SDB by a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) >= 15.

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Main Results:

  • Overall SDB prevalence was higher in males (38%) than females (15%).
  • Males predominated 8:1 in the laboratory sample, but only 2:1 in the community sample.
  • In the community, older females, particularly postmenopausal women, had higher SDB prevalence.

Conclusions:

  • Gender differences in SDB prevalence vary between clinical and community settings.
  • SDB in community-dwelling females is associated with older age and postmenopause.
  • Further research into gender-specific SDB epidemiology is warranted.