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Primary left atrial leiomyosarcoma simulating pulmonary thromboembolism

K T Nguyen¹, K Mak, A J Sanfilippo

¹Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal = Journal L'Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes

|February 1, 1994

Summary

A rare left atrial leiomyosarcoma mimicked pulmonary embolism. Computed tomography (CT) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were crucial for diagnosing this cardiac tumor when initial tests were inconclusive.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Radiology
Oncology

Background:

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, with leiomyosarcoma being an uncommon subtype.
Intracardiac masses can present with nonspecific symptoms, potentially mimicking other serious conditions like pulmonary embolism.

Observation:

A patient presented with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary thromboembolism.
Initial ventilation-perfusion scanning supported pulmonary embolism, while transthoracic echocardiography yielded nondiagnostic results.

Findings:

Computed tomography (CT) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were essential in diagnosing a primary left atrial leiomyosarcoma extending into the pulmonary veins.
Surgical confirmation validated the imaging findings.

Implications:

Related Experiment Videos

This case highlights the complementary utility of CT and TEE in diagnosing intracardiac masses when transthoracic echocardiography is insufficient.
It underscores the importance of considering cardiac tumors in the differential diagnosis of patients with nonspecific cardiopulmonary symptoms.