Narrowing the cancer knowledge gap between whites and African Americans

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Health Communication
• Cancer Disparities

Background:

• Significant cancer knowledge gaps exist between African Americans and White populations.
• Understanding cancer information-seeking behaviors among African Americans is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the cancer knowledge gap between African Americans and Whites.
• To explore the cancer information-seeking behaviors and experiences of African Americans.

Main Methods:

• Study 1: Analyzed 5000 Call Record Forms from African American and White callers to the Cancer Information Service (CIS).
• Study 2: Conducted 54 in-depth interviews with African American CIS callers.
• Study 3: Performed a random-digit dial survey of 601 African American residents in the District of Columbia and surrounding Maryland counties.

Main Results:

• African American CIS callers were similar to White callers in high educational levels and gender (predominantly female).
• A higher proportion of African American callers were general public, though many were family members of patients or symptomatic individuals.
• Most African American callers were satisfied with their CIS experience and followed behavioral suggestions.
• Study 3 confirmed a knowledge gap within the African American community, with higher education correlating to greater cancer knowledge, positive attitudes, and adherence to recommended behaviors.
• Television remained the primary source for cancer information and awareness of the CIS.

Conclusions:

• Despite a persistent knowledge gap, African Americans seeking information from the CIS demonstrate high engagement and satisfaction.
• Educational attainment is a key factor influencing cancer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors within the African American community.
• Television is a vital channel for disseminating cancer information and promoting awareness of resources like the CIS.