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Tuberculosis of middle ear cleft

O P Sachdeva1, S P Gulati, V Kakar

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College, Rohtak.

The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis of the middle ear cleft is rare but can cause serious complications like facial nerve palsy and hearing loss. Early diagnosis and treatment of middle ear tuberculosis are crucial to prevent these issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) can affect the middle ear cleft, leading to varied clinical presentations.
  • Complications include post-aural swelling, fistula formation, facial nerve palsy, and hearing impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report three cases of middle ear cleft tuberculosis.
  • To highlight the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Case series reporting three patients with middle ear cleft tuberculosis.
  • Clinical examination, audiometry, and roentgenography were used for diagnosis.
  • Modified radical mastoidectomy was performed, followed by histopathological examination.
  • Treatment included anti-tubercular therapy.

Main Results:

  • Patients presented with ear discharge, post-aural swelling, and fistula; one had facial nerve palsy.
  • Audiometry revealed conductive deafness in two cases and sensorineural deafness in one.
  • Roentgenograms showed mastoid bone erosion or coalescence of mastoid air cells.
  • Histopathology confirmed tuberculosis in all operated cases.
  • Symptoms improved with anti-tubercular therapy, except for facial nerve palsy; wounds healed.

Conclusions:

  • Middle ear cleft tuberculosis can lead to significant complications.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt anti-tubercular therapy are essential.
  • Effective treatment can prevent complications and potentially reduce the need for surgery.

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