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Adult Toxocara canis encephalitis

C Sommer1, E B Ringelstein, R Biniek

  • 1Neurologische Klinik und Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum der RWTH Aachen, Germany.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Toxocara canis infection in a 48-year-old caused severe neurological symptoms. Combined immunosuppressive therapy with anthelminthics partially reversed central nervous system damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Toxocara canis infection can cause visceral larva migrans.
  • Neurological involvement is a rare but severe manifestation of Toxocara canis infection.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old patient presented with severe ataxia, rigor, and neuropsychological disturbances.
  • Imaging revealed white matter lesions (CT/MRI) and middle cerebral artery branch occlusions (angiography).

Findings:

  • Indirect immunofluorescence confirmed Toxocara canis infection.
  • Anthelminthic treatment showed initial benefit but did not halt central nervous system (CNS) symptom progression.
  • Combined immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone, azathioprine) led to partial recovery and stabilization.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for severe neurological complications from Toxocara canis.
  • Aggressive treatment combining antiparasitic and immunosuppressive therapies may be necessary for managing CNS toxocariasis.
  • Further research into the neuroinflammatory mechanisms of Toxocara canis infection is warranted.

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