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Shifting standards and stereotype-based judgments

M Biernat1, M Manis

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045-2160.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Stereotype-based judgments can be misleading due to shifting standards. Objective measures reduce these shifts, revealing true group perceptions and individual differences in susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Stereotypes influence social judgments, but the evaluative standards used can obscure these effects.
  • The shifting standards model proposes that subjective judgments may not reflect true stereotypes due to flexible comparison standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the shifting standards model of stereotype-based judgment.
  • To investigate how different types of indicators (subjective vs. objective) affect stereotype manifestation.
  • To explore individual differences in susceptibility to shifting standards.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies were conducted, employing established stereotypes (e.g., gender, race).
  • Participants' judgments were assessed using both subjective evaluations and objective rule-based indicators.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Individual-difference measures were administered to assess susceptibility to shifting standards.

    • Main Results:

    • The shifting standards phenomenon was demonstrated using stereotypes about competence, verbal ability, and athleticism.
    • Objective indicators effectively reduced shifts in judgment standards compared to subjective evaluations.
    • Individual-difference measures predicted varying degrees of susceptibility to standard shifts.

    Conclusions:

    • The shifting standards model provides a valid explanation for how stereotypes can influence judgments indirectly.
    • The type of evaluative standard significantly impacts whether stereotypes are revealed in judgments.
    • Understanding individual differences is crucial for comprehending responses to stereotype-based information.