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Alcohol and coronary spasm

H Oda1, M Suzuki, T Oniki

  • 13rd Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Angiology
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Alcohol consumption can trigger coronary spasm. This study found that decreased prostaglandin F1 alpha and cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels after alcohol intake play key roles in alcohol-induced coronary artery spasm.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is linked to coronary spasm, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Variant angina patients exhibit distinct physiological responses to alcohol challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biochemical mechanisms of alcohol-induced coronary spasm.
  • To identify key plasma markers and physiological changes associated with alcohol-induced variant angina.

Main Methods:

  • Monitored plasma levels of prostanoids (thromboxane B2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha), catecholamines, serotonin, and cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP).
  • Assessed platelet aggregation and ethanol levels in patients with alcohol-induced variant angina and healthy controls after alcohol ingestion.
  • Coronary spasm was confirmed in a subset of patients (VA[+]) nine hours post-alcohol challenge.

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Main Results:

  • Patients with alcohol-induced coronary spasm (VA[+]) showed significantly increased thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin F1 alpha levels prior to spasm.
  • A marked decrease in cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels was observed in VA(+) patients six hours after alcohol ingestion.
  • Platelet aggregability decreased in controls but remained unchanged or increased in patients following alcohol intake.

Conclusions:

  • Low levels of prostaglandin F1 alpha and decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate are implicated in the mechanism of alcohol-induced coronary spasm.
  • These findings suggest specific biochemical pathways contributing to alcohol-triggered cardiac events in susceptible individuals.